Department of Research, Studies and International News 19-03-2025

The Peruvian government has declared a state of emergency in the capital, Lima, in response to an alarming surge in violent crime. The decision, announced by President Dina Boluarte, grants security forces expanded powers to curb escalating criminal activities. For the next 30 days, military personnel will patrol the city’s streets alongside police officers, aiming to restore order and deter further violence.

Escalating Violence and Public Outrage

The latest security measures follow the tragic killing of Paul Flores, a well-known cumbia singer, who was fatally shot in an extortion-related attack while traveling on a public bus. His death has intensified public anger and demands for stronger action against criminal groups. The incident came just days after a restaurant explosion injured at least 11 people, adding to the growing sense of insecurity in the city.

Authorities attribute the rise in violence to organized criminal groups that target businesses, including transport operators, through extortion and intimidation. According to police reports, between January 1 and March 16, there were 459 recorded homicides, while extortion cases in January alone reached nearly 2,000. This dramatic increase has heightened concerns among citizens, many of whom now feel unsafe in their own neighborhoods.

Government Crackdown and Military Deployment

With the implementation of the state of emergency, certain civil liberties, including the right to free movement and assembly, will be temporarily restricted. Law enforcement agencies and military forces will have broad authority to detain suspects without the usual judicial oversight, a move the government deems necessary to dismantle criminal networks operating in the capital.

President Boluarte’s administration has been under intense pressure to address the security crisis. In an earlier response, the government had declared a similar state of emergency between September and December, which led to several gang-related arrests but failed to significantly curb violent crime. The renewed crackdown reflects the administration’s urgent efforts to regain control and reassure the public.

Political Ramifications and Calls for Stronger Measures

The worsening security situation has also sparked political controversy. Opposition lawmakers have criticized Interior Minister Juan José Santiváñez for his handling of the crisis, calling for a vote of no confidence. They argue that the government lacks a comprehensive strategy to combat criminal organizations and prevent further bloodshed. Congress is set to debate the motion later this week, potentially leading to further political instability.

Amid the crisis, President Boluarte has expressed her support for harsher punishments for violent offenders, even suggesting the possibility of reintroducing the death penalty for convicted murderers. However, under Peru’s current legal framework, capital punishment is only applicable in cases of treason. Whether her proposal gains traction remains to be seen, but it highlights the administration’s desperation to curb the crime wave.

Declaring states of emergency has become a frequent response by Peruvian authorities when faced with rising crime or social unrest. However, critics argue that such measures offer only temporary relief without addressing the root causes of criminal activity. Many call for long-term solutions, including judicial reforms, increased investment in law enforcement, and community-based programs to deter young people from joining criminal organizations.

As Lima’s residents grapple with fear and uncertainty, the effectiveness of this latest security initiative remains to be seen. The coming weeks will determine whether the government’s military-backed strategy succeeds in restoring order or if Peru will continue to struggle with the growing influence of organized crime.